STAMFORD, USA: While service-oriented architecture (SOA) has been around for more than a decade, it is evolving to be a key enabler for some of the emerging technologies that enterprises use today and in the future, according to Gartner, Inc.

Jess Thompson, research vice president, Gartner, says: "SOA is evolving beyond its traditional roots in its remote-procedure-call style, to encompass the forms of interaction found in representation state transfer, web-oriented architecture and event-driven architecture. Additionally, SOA-enabled initiatives, such as software as a service (SaaS), business process management (BPM) and cloud computing, are increasing in popularity and adoption."

Despite the economic downturn, Gartner analysts said that they do not anticipate a dramatic drop in SOA adoption.

"SOA underpins and enables initiatives aimed at cost reduction, such as SaaS or BPM, and we have noticed a growing interest around SOA from vertical industries, such as government and healthcare, which have been waiting for the technology and best practices to mature. Furthermore, some SOA initiatives already underway are being accelerated because users want to experience the benefits of SOA sooner rather than later."

There have been horror stories about SOA projects failing and negative sentiment around the strategically oriented programs associated with the recession that have created a perception that the era of SOA is over. Projects that implement SOA, often focus too much on the technology to be used, treat SOA as any other application development project, and overlook the need for project management.

In fact, Gartner forecasts that through 2010, the lack of working SOA governance arrangements will be the most common reason for SOA failures.

"Governance is essential. You need a central entity that ensures tight coordination throughout the project and disciplines the process of design of new services. Governance is needed for security, planned change and configuration management, testing, monitoring, and setting of quality-of-service requirements," he adds.

SOA is emerging from the 'Trough of Disillusionment' within Gartner's 'Hype Cycle', and it is climbing the 'Slope of Enlightenment'. Enlightenment comes as mainstream organizations begin to experience the benefits of a technology and to establish the best practices necessary to effectively use a technology.

"Good engineering principles such as those embodied in SOA are timeless. Most packaged application vendors are re-engineering their products employing SOA to improve the flexibility and extensibility of the offerings, save money by eliminating duplicated functionality, and provide a more effective way of accessing the functionality of the products. Many companies' adoptions of SOA may be unplanned, the result of engaging in BPM or in SaaS, or deploying and using new packaged applications," he adds.